Oil containment barrier boom for shorelines/marshes/wetland

ABSTRACT

This new design/system addresses the problems encountered in the worst recorded oil eruption/spill caused by drilling for oil/gas in the deep depths of the ocean as displayed and witnessed in the Horizon incident. 
     The focus of this new type barrier is directed to replace the existing failed boom products and their methods for harnessing, capturing and in particular the prevention for intrusion of the oil and residual products into the marshes, canals, bayou&#39;s of the wetland&#39;s shorelines, beaches and areas that serve as a link to the various species of habitat, such as, fowl and the aquatic groups in their food chains and fisheries. 
     The new design/invention addresses these previous failures and contributes to the salvaging, rebuilding and maintenance of these precious environmental delicacies that have been suffering the effects of nature&#39;s rising seas and subsidence for years. 
     Additionally, this system is capable of a job creating industry and aid in the permitting requirements for oil/gas exploration projects.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention addresses the area that demands an improved means of preventing oil and other contaminants from the intrusions of the past, especially, the most recent and worst oil spill in history, the Horizon Disaster. As the world witnessed, the containment boom used to prevent oil from entering the inland waters, wetlands/marshes bayou's and canals was a miserable failure. The same boom that was used to corral the oil on the surface of the Gulf of Mexico and at the same time was not 100% effective in that regard while being unable to prevent the contaminants from going under and sinking into the Gulf which contributed to along labor intensive process and environmental disaster. This new invention of an improved containment boom addresses those failures That focus on the shoreline intrusion prevention.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Considering the number of oil spills (in the thousands) per year off Louisiana's coast, alone, it's apparent that the prior designs and inventions are not adequate to contain and protect the oil and residues that contribute to the demise of these valuable wetlands that are already facing subsidence and rising sea levels while fruitless attempts to rebuild and restore these precious habitats for the seafood chains that interact with the Gulf are being implemented. Questionable are some of the oil containment booms that appear to address the open sea waters which includes operation under adverse conditions of high tides, waves generated by wind and storms and ultimately abandoned in the advent of a hurricane or major storm. Obviously, these same type of boom which would be labor intensive and logistically not feasible to install, maintain and/or replace with the type equipment/boats required and which proved unworthy for their use near or on the shorelines of the inland waterways; wetlands/marshes, bayou's and canals during moderate conditions, much less than during adverse weather conditions, such as, high winds, waves and storms, would inflict further damage to those sacred areas.

Some of those included in the prior art that meet those negative qualities are: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,140,424; 4,112,169; 4,207,191; and 4,310,415.

Additionally, there are other type boom in British Pat. Nos. 1,383,315 and 1,88,156. All are comprised and constructed of various fabrics, plastics rubber and/or mechanical metal components required for operation and primarily address the capture and containment of oil on the surface of the sea, not the shorelines of inland waterways.

Also, none are constructed of natural ingredients such as straw that contains oil eating microbes which eliminates the toxicity of the contaminant and is aided in the construction of the new boom product which includes a biodegradable burlap receptacle/sack that can be utilized as a compost in conjunction with the sediment (pumped from the river) projects of the terraced areas of the marshes/wetlands when incorporating the use of the new Boom oil containment barrier for the shorelines of marshes/wetlands. As noted in claim 9, can also be considered for erosion control projects on highways, levees and general landscaping project uses, as well as a base for barrier island extensions with dredged sediment pumped in on top during off hurricane seasons.

METHODS OF MANUFACTURE, INSTALLATION AND OPERATION

A standard bale of Bermuda or equal straw 1 h is set on a predetermined fabric of biodegradable burlap material with one foot extensions for overlap and the material is wrapped around the horizontally extended bale and sewn with twine at the seam followed by the folding and sewing of the overlap of one end creating a reinforced gusset which comprises the receptacle/bag 2 b and results in a module 1 m with an extended overlap to accommodate the distal, closed end gusset of a second module 2 m having either an open extended overlap or closed end gusset, depending on the desired length of connecting modules to follow in that progression. These modules each with 1 m and 2 m components are joined/connected together with Teflon strapping 3 s as illustrated in FIG. 2. After the modules are connected 1 m and 2 m, the connection joint is wrapped with a 12 inch double layer of burlap 1 o fastened to the respective ends by Teflon ties 1 t, the total connected modules, 1 m, 2 m are further secured by additional vertical and horizontal Teflon strapping 3 b. Sections of double 1 m, 2 m modules can be prefabricated as shown in FIG. 4, as well as, the individual, single modules, depending on the logistics for installation and handling.

FIG. 5 illustrates how multiple modules can be connected in the field to conform to the contour of the shorelines/shoals.

FIG. 6 depicts a simulated view of modules 1 m and 2 m anchored and secured to fence posts 1 f which prevents vertical or horizontal movement while blocking oil intrusion on the shorelines/shoals of the wetlands/marshes, canals or bayou's.

Installation of the proposed new invention, Boom I, can be carried out by crews operating in or on shallow draft boats and/or mini barges that are able to navigate the inland waters without harmful effects to the marshes. These vessels can be outfitted with portable small cranes (similar to those on pickup trucks). Smaller flat bottom boats can be used to set the fence posts, just off, adjacent to the shorelines/shoals and assist with the anchoring and securing/connecting the modules as the process requires. The crews should require training in the manufacturing facility prior to joining the installation, maintenance, replacement and cleanup, disposal and remediation crews in the field.

Relative to the remediation process, as mentioned in claims 5 (a), (b), (c), (d) and claim 9 (b) the tools available to conduct the methods of installation, maintenance, removal and/or replacement and proper recycling by the prescribed methods, trained crews including supervisors as well as designated agency inspectors for compliance and oversight by the U.S. Government along with state and local code enforcement divisions will lead to prevention and protection from the harmful effects of disastrous oil and chemical spills and the preservation of these delicate precious wetlands that serve as a major habitat for various species of fowl and fisheries necessary for the reproduction and extension that the food chain is so reliant on for domestic and commercial resources.

The possibilities of incorporating both this new invention product as well as a recycled by-product as a base for dredged sediment and use in the reconstituting/rebuilding and extending the diminished barrier islands that have suffered the long term effects of erosion from storms, hurricanes and rising sea levels, had previously given some protection to these wetlands, but are almost non existent now and the need is serious at this time to consider the potential remedies available.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION'S PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

It is an object of this new invention to provide an improved oil spill containment boom that will provide a safe barrier to prevent oil and other contaminants from intruding and harming the marshes/wetlands.

Another object of this invention is the use of environmentally friendly main components that will not only protect, but enhance the redevelopment for improved longevity.

Additionally, utilizing natural components/elements that are readily available and cost effective, less labor intensive compared to the existing prior art products as well as extra maintenance/cleaning procedures and potential damaging effects to the wetlands during storms and hurricanes, is another object.

Fulfilling these objects is made feasible by utilizing environmentally friendly biodegradable main components that offer extra safeguards for performance that include natural oil eating microbes in straw bales as well as the option to spray additional microbes on the biodegradable burlap, resulting in a recyclable, compost residue that renders its use as a base for sediment projects in the wetland patio's as well as the barrier islands extensions.

The availability of straw and burlap are unlimited as well as the cost, with straw being at less than $150/ton with a projected cost of the total components being approximately $6 to $7 per linear foot of a bale/module for the preferred first embodiment.

In addition, this presents an opportunity for a job creating industry affecting farmers, transportation/shipping, warehousing, manufacturing/assembly, installation, maintenance, replacement and/or disposal/recycling. This includes the potential to re-employ many workers in the Gulf related industries that have been impacted by recession, storms/hurricanes and the oil spills

Programs for coastal area's governments to participate in a readiness warehousing plan through GSA in the parishes/counties of the coastlines. Trained, licensed crews for implementation could be a function of either local, state or private contractors. Additionally, the mandatory participation by the oil companies with fee assessments regulated by BOEMRE's permitting process and oversight supervision included as well. Emergencies could also require involvement by the National Guard, or other Military.

It is noted that the embodiments described herein in detail for exemplary purposes are of course subject to many different variations in structure, design, application and methodology. Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept (s) herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirements of the law, it is understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It should also be noted that the general rule is for anyone skilled in the subject matter should understand and allow for related improvements and changes that do not change the entire scope and objective of a new invention without a limiting challenge to its object and intention. The latter should include both Provisional and/or Utility patents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1

Illustrates the physical position of a standard bale of Bermuda Straw, raw as shipped, baled and aligned to be inserted into a biodegradable burlap receptacle/bag after being fabricated/sewn with one end closed as a gusset and the opposite end with a one foot loose overlap of the burlap in order to accommodate another bale/module and be joined/connected to form a section of a chain wall barrier.

FIG. 2

Shows two bales/modules connected and secured with Teflon reinforced straps at the joint as well as the entire new section of the extended module bound also both vertically and horizontally and strapped.

FIG. 3

Depicts the connected two bales/modules with a covered overlap of biodegradable burlap material secured to each adjacent edge via Teflon ties creating an approximate one foot section, divided evenly, forming a continuous covering for that new extended module.

FIG. 4

Illustrates the newly formed extended module with the covered joint, secured strapping and the one foot overlap extension of the biodegradable burlap sack with Teflon ties ready to accommodate another section with a closed/gusset end for further extension of a barrier wall, as needed, and preparing for the process of anchoring same to the selected steel or wooden fence posts and securing same to adhere to the contour of the landscape shorelines/shoals.

FIG. 5

Shows a typical extended section of barrier boom for an offset contour simulation of wetland shoreline/shoals.

FIG. 6

Illustrates a simulation of a section of Boom modules connected together and anchored, adjacent to the shoreline of the wetland marshes, to fence posts. 

1. A self contained absorbent medium, straw or equal, encased in a environmentally friendly, biodegradable burlap receptacle/sack that comprises a first preferred embodiment of an oil containment barrier/boom module; (Boom I); (a) secured by Teflon or other environmentally friendly straps around the circumference of the module, both horizontally and vertically; (b) Whereby, one end is sealed by the approximate one foot overlap, forming a gusset, and the opposite end has an extended approximate one foot overlap of the burlap sack to accommodate the distal end of an adjourning module.
 2. The Straw medium having natural microbes and nutrients is ideal to detoxify the oil/hydrocarbon to a non-intrusive element rendering the oil harmless to the natural environment of the marshes/wetlands while the self contained natural nutrients will enhance the development and growth of the marsh grasses and habitat.
 3. The first preferred embodiment of claim 1 that includes the encasement material of biodegradable burlap, also renders the extra oil detoxification when the module is sprayed with additional microbes at the time of installation and contributes to the composting/recycling of both products that are contained in the modules.
 4. The barrier boom of claim 1 is designed and constructed to connect to adjourning modules allowing for the formation of a chain wall effect to extend to greater lengths and heights, horizontally as well as vertically (a) Whereby the overlapping burlap allows for adjustment to the contour of the shoreline/shoals with the joint connection being covered with a double layer of burlap sewn and connected to adjourning modules in addition to the Teflon strapping as shown in FIG.
 5. (b) An additional option allows for rotating the modules vertically for a suitable width dimension of the base as conditions allow.
 5. When the usefulness/saturation point of collected oil residues is reached for the modules and the time of removal and/or replacement is necessary, singularly or collectively the used modules can be removed for either replacement or disposal, (a) to the interior terraces of the marshes/wetlands adjacent to the shorelines for recycling as a compost thereby providing a base for the sediment projects with dredged materials containing nutrients pumped in from the river in a process to restore/reclaim much of what has been lost due to subsidence and rising sea levels for hundreds of years. (b) the installation as well as the removal can be provided by shallow draft wide flat boats and/or mini barges with portable cranes, c) portable shredders mounted on these vessels can also be used to blow and distribute the used modules in hard to reach locations without further damage to the marshes by other methods, (d) helicopters could also be utilized to distribute the modules further inland.
 6. The barrier boom of claim 4 is installed by connecting and securing the multiple bales/modules by attachment with Teflon or equal, environmentally friendly, anchoring devices, such as: treated steel or wooden fence posts, stakes and/or cement anchors with tethers to connect and maintain in place the resulting chain wall effect, whether one layer or more.
 7. The installation method of claim 6 can be performed from flatboats or other non-intrusive vehicles that would be harmful to the wetlands, likewise for the maintenance/removal/replacement of the individual or multiple modules, with this same safe mode of operations; as illustrated by supplemental drawings and/or pictures.
 8. An additional option for claim 1 is an ancillary accessory which incorporates the inclusion of an environmentally friendly cork board base within the encasement of the module to enhance the buoyancy effect when used in deeper depths near the shorelines of some wetlands/canals/bayou's.
 9. The claim of boom 1, as designed and constructed, can also be considered for erosion control projects on highways, levees and general landscaping project uses; (a) the existing products using straw in raw/bale, non-encased form are prone to early destruction caused by rain, wind/storms and are rendered ineffective to achieve their intended purpose. (b) Whereas, the boom I, encased modules, allows integration into the landscape with the benefits of microbes, nutrients and biodegradable casings after fulfilling the intended purpose of erosion control. (c) An additional benefit is the possible use of inclusion and serving as a base for barrier islands extensions and rebuilding with dredged materials. 